This article takes a look at the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009, which created some significant changes to privacy and security regulations which were outlined in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) as well as the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act. The ARRA imposes substantial modifications in four main areas: 1) HIPAA statutory requirements; 2) Increased enforcement of HIPAA; 3) Provisions to address health information held by entities not covered by HIPAA; and 4) Other changes including administrative changes, studies, reports and educational initiatives. This article takes a look at the modifications the ARRA made to HIPAA [...]